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Others |Towards Agent-Based Integrated Assessment Models: Examples, Challenges, and Future Developments.Understanding the complex, dynamic, and non-linear relationships between human activities, the environment and the evolution of the climate is pivotal for policy design and requires appropriate tools. Despite the existence of different attempts to link the economy (or parts of it) to the evolution of the climate, results have often been disappointing and criticized. In this paper, we discuss the use of agent-based modeling for climate policy integrated assessment. Category: NDC Support and Implementation |
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|Application of Computable General Equilibrium to Climate Change Mitigation Policy: A Systematic Review.With the growing literature related to climate change mitigation measures and policy interventions, a systematic review of the application of computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is inevitable. Therefore, this article aims to characterise the relevant studies, define a comparative framework to identify the current state-of-the-art and the gaps in applied general equilibrium models. Category: Climate-Informed Fiscal Planning, Climate-Resilient Financial Sector, Align Policies with Paris Agreement |
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Others |Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms and Their Impacts on Firms.While the potential adverse effects of fossil fuel subsidy reform are well documented for households, the literature has largely ignored the effect of subsidy reform on firms’ competitiveness. This paper discusses how firms are affected by, and respond to, energy price increases caused by subsidy reforms. It highlights that cost increases (both direct and indirect) do not necessarily reflect competitiveness losses, since firms have various ways to mitigate and pass on price shocks. Category: Promote Carbon Pricing Measures |
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|Carbon Pricing in Climate Policy: Seven Reasons, Complementary Instruments, And Political Economy Considerations.Carbon pricing is a recurrent theme in debates on climate policy. Discarded at the 2009 COP in Copenhagen, it remained part of deliberations for a climate agreement in subsequent years. As there is still much misunderstanding about the many reasons to implement a global carbon price, ideological resistance against it prospers. Here, we present the main arguments for carbon pricing, to stimulate a fair and well‐informed discussion about it. These include considerations that have received little attention so far. Category: Promote Carbon Pricing Measures |
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|Disaster Risk Management and Fiscal Policy: Entry Points for Finance Ministries.This chapter reflects on the benefits of disaster risk management (DRM) in the context of fiscal policy and public investment. Of particular interest is the question of how those in charge of fiscal policy decisions can recognise and realise the economic and broader benefits of DRM. We consider the interplay between public DRM investment and fiscal policy and provide an overview of current debate as well as assessment methods, tools and policy options. Category: Climate-Informed Fiscal Planning |
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Others |It Is All About Political Incentives: Democracy and the Renewable Feed-In Tariff.Demand for renewable energy is booming. Scholars often attribute this success to feed-in tariffs (FITs), which mandate that energy utilities pay a premium to renewable electricity producers and guarantee grid access for them. Why have so many countries, including least-developed ones, adopted these policies? Category: Promote Carbon Pricing Measures |
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|Current Climate Models Are Grossly Misleading.Nicholas Stern calls on scientists, engineers and economists to help policymakers by better modelling the immense risks to future generations, and the potential for action. Category: Climate-Informed Fiscal Planning |
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NERL |Feed-in Tariffs: Good Practices and Design Considerations.Feed-in tariffs (FITs), along with renewable electricity standards, are one of the most widely adopted renewable energy support policies around the world. As of 2013, 98 national and subnational governments had implemented FITs, nearly three times the number that had adopted them in 2004 (REN21 2015). In recent years, FIT activity has focused primarily on revisions to current policies, underscoring the need for stable and predictable, yet flexible, policy environments. Category: Promote Carbon Pricing Measures |
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IMF |Implementing a US Carbon Tax: Challenges and DebatesThis book is about the practicalities of introducing a carbon tax in the United States, set against the broader fiscal context. It consists of thirteen chapters, written by leading experts, covering the full range of issues policymakers would need to understand, such as the revenue potential of a carbon tax, how the tax can be administered, the advantages of carbon taxes over other mitigation instruments and the environmental and macroeconomic impacts of the tax. A carbon tax can work in the United States. Category: Promote Carbon Pricing Measures |
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IEA |Good Practice Policy Framework for Energy Technology Research, Development and Demonstration (RD&D).Accelerating Energy Innovation (AEI) is a new project being launched by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Category: Climate-Informed Fiscal Planning, Align Policies with Paris Agreement |
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